• Manuscripts must be written in clear and academically appropriate English.
• Manuscripts must fall within the Focus and Scope of SAGA and should make a meaningful scholarly, methodological, computational, technological, or information-systems contribution.
• Manuscripts should normally be between 5 and 12 pages when prepared using the official SAGA template.
• Manuscripts exceeding 12 pages may be considered where additional length is academically justified. Acceptance of a longer manuscript is subject to editorial evaluation.
• The manuscript must represent original scholarly work and must not be simultaneously under consideration by another journal.
• Authors should ensure that all authorship, research ethics, competing interests, funding, data, and other relevant disclosures are accurate and complete.
• Authors are strongly encouraged to use a reference-management application such as Zotero, Mendeley, EndNote, or equivalent software to improve reference consistency.
• References must follow the IEEE citation and reference style.

Because SAGA operates a double-blind peer-review process, the manuscript submitted for review must be appropriately anonymized.

• Author names, affiliations, email addresses, ORCID identifiers, and biographies should not appear in the anonymized manuscript.
• Author information must be entered accurately in the journal's online submission system.
• Acknowledgements and other information that could directly reveal author identity should be anonymized where necessary during peer review.
• Self-citations should be written neutrally and should not deliberately reveal author identity.

Complete requirements concerning manuscript anonymization and reviewer confidentiality are provided in the journal's Peer Review Policy.

Research manuscripts should generally follow a logical scholarly structure appropriate to the nature of the study. The recommended structure is:

Title → Abstract → Keywords → Introduction → Proposed Method/Algorithm (where applicable) → Method → Results and Discussion → Conclusion → Declarations/Disclosure Statements → References

Variations may be accepted where another structure is more appropriate to the research design or article type.

• The title should be concise, informative, and accurately represent the main subject of the manuscript.
• The title should preferably contain no more than 15 words.
• Avoid unnecessary abbreviations, acronyms, formulas, and overly general wording in the title.

The abstract should provide a concise and self-contained summary of the research.

• Abstract length: 150–250 words.
• References or citations should not normally appear in the abstract.
• The abstract should clearly communicate the research problem or objective, method, principal results, and main conclusion.
• Avoid undefined abbreviations and unnecessary technical detail.
• Authors should provide relevant keywords that accurately represent the manuscript's principal topics and improve scholarly discoverability.

Introduction

The Introduction should establish the research context, identify the relevant problem or knowledge gap, discuss appropriate previous research, explain the significance of the study, and clearly state the research objective or contribution.

Proposed Method or Algorithm

Where a manuscript proposes a new computational method, framework, model, architecture, algorithm, or system, authors may provide a dedicated section describing the proposed contribution and distinguishing it from existing approaches.

Method

The Method section should provide sufficient information to understand and evaluate the research design, data, experimental procedures, algorithms, computational environment, analytical methods, evaluation criteria, and other relevant procedures.

Results and Discussion

Results should be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence. The Discussion should interpret the findings, relate them to previous research, explain their significance, and address relevant limitations or implications.

Conclusion

The Conclusion should summarize the principal findings and contributions of the study without merely repeating the abstract. Relevant limitations, practical implications, and directions for future research may also be presented.

• Tables and figures should be numbered consecutively and cited in the manuscript text.
• Captions should clearly describe the content of each table or figure.
• Figures should be of sufficient resolution and quality for scholarly publication.
• Authors are responsible for obtaining any necessary permission to reproduce copyrighted figures, tables, images, datasets, or other third-party materials.
• Equations should be presented clearly and consistently, with symbols and variables appropriately defined.
• Tables and figures should contribute meaningfully to the presentation of the research and should not unnecessarily duplicate information already provided in the text.

• References must follow the IEEE reference style.
• Authors should cite sources that are directly relevant to the research and should prioritize appropriate scholarly literature.
• Research articles should normally include at least 15 relevant references, although the appropriate number depends on the nature and scope of the study.
• Where appropriate, authors are encouraged to use recent, peer-reviewed scholarly literature and relevant primary research sources.
• References should include persistent identifiers such as DOIs where available.
• Authors are responsible for verifying the accuracy, completeness, and accessibility of all references.
• References should not be added primarily for the purpose of increasing citations to particular authors, journals, institutions, or publications.

Authors should include the following declarations at the end of the manuscript, before the References section, as applicable. Where a declaration does not apply, authors may state "Not applicable" or an equivalent clear statement.

Author Contributions

The manuscript should describe the contributions of the authors to the research and preparation of the article. Contributions should accurately reflect the work performed by each author.

Funding

Authors must disclose all financial support received for the research and/or preparation of the manuscript, including the name of the funding organization and grant number where applicable. If no external funding was received, this should be stated.

Conflict of Interest

Authors must disclose any financial, professional, institutional, personal, or other interests that could reasonably be perceived to influence the research or its interpretation. If no relevant competing interests exist, authors should provide an explicit statement to that effect.

Data Availability

Authors should state whether the data supporting the findings of the study are publicly available, available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, included in the article or supplementary materials, subject to access restrictions, or unavailable for legitimate ethical, legal, privacy, security, or confidentiality reasons.

Acknowledgements

Individuals, institutions, facilities, or other contributors who supported the research but do not meet the criteria for authorship may be acknowledged with appropriate permission where necessary.

Use of Artificial Intelligence

Authors must disclose substantive use of generative artificial intelligence or other automated content-generation tools in the preparation of the manuscript in accordance with the journal's Artificial Intelligence Policy. Routine language correction, spelling, grammar, and formatting assistance should be handled according to that policy.

Artificial intelligence systems and automated tools cannot be listed as authors. Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, citations, integrity, and content of their manuscripts.

Ethical Approval

For research requiring ethical oversight, authors must provide the name of the approving institution or ethics committee, relevant approval information, and other details required by applicable ethical or institutional standards.

Informed Consent

Where applicable, authors must confirm that appropriate informed consent for participation and/or publication was obtained. Information that could unnecessarily identify participants should not be published.

Before submitting a manuscript, authors should confirm that:

• The manuscript falls within the Focus and Scope of SAGA.
• The official journal template has been used.
• The manuscript has been anonymized appropriately for double-blind peer review.
• All authors and contributor information entered in the submission system is complete and accurate.
• The manuscript is original and is not simultaneously under consideration by another journal.
• All figures, tables, equations, references, and supplementary materials have been checked.
• All required disclosure and declaration statements have been included.
• The manuscript complies with the journal's Publication Ethics and other applicable policies.

These Author Guidelines should be read together with SAGA's separate policies concerning Focus and Scope, Peer Review Process, Publication Ethics, Plagiarism, Artificial Intelligence, Open Access, Copyright and Licensing, Author Charges, and Digital Archiving.

Where a specific issue is governed by a dedicated journal policy, the requirements stated in that policy apply.