Salus Publica: Journal of Community Service

Representation of Existential Crisis in the Song “33x” By Perunggu (Semiotic Analysis By Roland Barthes)

Febriana Dzulhijjah — 2026-04-30

In the context of modern society, developments in life marked by rapid information flows, social pressures, and demands for success often give rise to existential crises, especially among Gen Z. This generation often faces confusion in determining the direction of their lives, given the high social expectations placed upon them. Music serves as a medium capable of reflecting inner turmoil and existential experiences through song lyrics. This study aims to examine the representation of existential crises in the lyrics of the song “33x” by Perunggu using Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis was carried out through the stages of denotation, connotation, and myth interpretation. The findings show that the song “33x” represents the existential crisis experienced by Gen Z, which is reflected through inner anxiety, loss of life orientation, and the process of searching for identity and meaning of existence. Supported by Jean-Paul Sartre's existentialism perspective, this song presents a picture of individual freedom as well as personal responsibility in determining the direction of life. In addition, there is a transcendental communication dimension that places the relationship between humans and God as a source of reflection, inner peace, and support in the journey of self discovery amid the pressures of modern life. Thus, the song “33x” does not merely serve as a means of entertainment, but also as a medium for self-reflection and inner communication for Gen Z in understanding and discovering their identity.

Community Participation in the Literacy Village Program as an Effort to Improve the Community Literacy Development Index (IPLM) in Cirebon Regency

Muhammad Farhat Luthfi — 2026-04-30

The Literacy Village Program reflects the local government’s strategic efforts to improve the Community Literacy Development Index (IPLM) particularly by strengthening a community-based literacy culture. In 2024, the IPLM score in Cirebon Regency remains relatively low. Thes condition show that literacy development cannot rely solely on policy-driven approaches but also needs active involvement from the community as the main actors. This study examines how community participation in the Literacy Village Program contributes to improving the IPLM in Cirebon Regency. It applies to a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The research subjects include the Cirebon Regency Archives and Library Office, Literacy Village managers, and the local community. The results of the study indicate that community participation in the Literacy Village Program is in the early stages of development. The community is quite actively involved in various literacy activities organized, although involvement in planning and expressing aspirations is still dominated by a small number of individuals. Socially inclusive literacy programs, such as training activities linked to community economic needs, show a positive contribution to increasing community interest and involvement. The findings of this study indicate that community participation is a key factor in the sustainability of the Program.

The Effect of Collaborative Learning Models, Independent Learning, and Self-Confidence on IPAS Problem-Solving Skills

Agus Riyadi — 2026-04-30

This study aims to analyse the effect of collaborative learning models, independent learning, and self-confidence on the problem-solving abilities of IPAS students at Pakel 2 Public Elementary School. Using an ex post facto quantitative approach, the research sample consisted of 52 students. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression. The results showed that simultaneously, the three independent variables had a significant effect on problem-solving skills with a contribution (R²) of 83.4%. Partially, the collaborative learning model was the strongest predictor. These findings indicate the need to integrate collaborative strategies supported by strengthening students' internal character.

Transforming Conventional Teaching Materials into Digital Visual Media: Graphic Design Training Program for MTsN Teachers

Liza Efriyanti Liza Efriyanti — 2026-04-30

This Community Service Program (PKM) aimed to enhance teachers’ competencies in basic graphic design to support the development of digital learning materials at MTsN Labor Garegeh, Bukittinggi, West Sumatra. The program was motivated by the limited use of visual digital media in classroom instruction and the lack of teachers’ confidence in utilizing graphic design applications. Preliminary needs analysis indicated that more than 70% of participating teachers had never received formal training in instructional graphic design and experienced difficulties integrating visual digital media into student-centered learning activities. The activities were conducted through several stages, including needs analysis, training workshops, hands-on practice, mentoring, and evaluation. Participants were introduced to fundamental visual design principles and guided in using graphic design tools to create interactive teaching materials. The results showed a significant improvement in teachers’ understanding of graphic design concepts and their ability to produce creative digital learning resources. Teachers were able to develop visually engaging teaching materials that are more suitable for student-centered learning. In addition, participants demonstrated increased motivation to integrate technology into their instructional practices. This program contributes to strengthening teachers’ professional capacity and fostering innovation in learning. It is expected that the outcomes of this PKM will support sustainable improvements in teaching quality and encourage the wider adoption of digital media in schools.

Beyond Oil Prices: A Comparative Analysis of the Indirect Effects of Energy Prices on Economic Growth in Türkiye and Russia

Abdallah Abukalloub — 2026-04-30

This study examines the impact of energy prices on economic growth through a comparative analysis of Türkiye and Russia. The analysis uses annual data covering the period 2000-2024. The primary empirical assessment employs a multiple linear regression (OLS) model, with panel data techniques used as complementary methods to analyze long-run relationships and test the robustness of the findings. Brent crude oil prices are used as a proxy for energy prices, and the GDP growth rate serves as the indicator of economic growth. Unemployment, inflation, exchange rate, trade volume, and gross capital formation are included in the model as control variables. The findings indicate that Brent oil prices have a negative and statistically significant effect on economic growth. Moreover, the adverse effects of unemployment and exchange rate fluctuations on growth are stronger, whereas gross capital formation contributes positively to economic growth. The results of the interaction model reveal that the effect of oil prices does not differ significantly between the two countries. In conclusion, the impact of energy prices on economic growth is not direct but is shaped by macroeconomic conditions and varies with country-specific structural characteristics.